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‘Caps’: a maximum for open access articles

The open access agreements with a number of publishers is based on a maximum number of open access articles they cover per year: a so-called ‘cap’. On this page, we explain what this means, how you can avoid them and what options you have once this 'cap' has been reached.

When a cap has been reached, the article processing charge (APC) for publishing the article open access, will no longer be covered by the agreement. This means that researchers whose articles are accepted after this cap has been reached, will be invoiced by the publisher for open access fees if they choose to publish still this year in open access with the publisher.

Prognosis for 2026

The agreements with the following publishers contain a cap. For 2026 we expect to reach these caps according to this prognosis:

Publisher 

Cap expectation

Oxford University Press - hybrid journals reached on 13 September 2026
SpringerNature beginning of October
Emerald beginning of October
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW) mid October
Oxford University Press - selected full open access journals mid November
Taylor & Francis mid November
American Chemical Society (ACS) not expected to be reached in 2026
Cambridge University Press not expected to be reached in 2026
Thieme not expected to be reached in 2026

What are your options after a cap has been reached?

We suggest to check the following options, while keeping in mind the four overarching values of the Leiden University Publication Framework: fit-for-purpose, openness, sustainability and equity. Please also check the possible open access requirements of your external research funder(s).

Options before submitting to a publisher

Find a journal with no APC

Publish your article in a journal that does not charge APC's (Article Processing Charges), such as Diamond Open Access or Subscribe2Open-journals. You can find these journals via doaj.org and the Leiden Journal Browser.

Consider following the repository route using the Author Accepted Manuscript

This entails publishing the article behind the paywall (closed) with the publisher and making the Author Accepted Manuscript open access via upload to LUCRIS and the Leiden University repository Scholarly Publications. Check the journal policy for possibly embargo period and license options. The options are listed in the Leiden Journal Browser under “Green route”. When the embargo period exceeds 6 months (not compatible with the Leiden University Open Access Policy) or when the requirements of your research funder clash with the journal policy, choose another route.

Consider following the repository route using the Taverne option

This entails publishing the article behind the paywall (closed) with the publisher and making the Version of Record of your article open by making use of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act (also called the “Taverne Amendment”). You do this by uploading the final publishers version of your article to LUCRIS and the Leiden University repository Scholarly Publications, choosing the “Taverne” license and setting a 6 month embargo. When the requirements of your research funder clash with the embargo period, choose another route.

Use journals covered in an agreement without a cap

You can find these journals in the Leiden Journal Browser and check per journal title whether a cap is (not) mentioned.

Posting a preprint

Leiden University also encourages researchers to share their research early and openly by posting a preprint on a platform suitable to your research area. One such options could be arXiv, PsyArXiv, or others listed here. 

Publish via the PRC model: Publish-Review-Curate

A publication model where authors can submit papers for open peer review. Authors can reply to the open reviews and submit a new version of their article. Only after review, curation (indexing in databases, publication in a journal) may ensue. There are various PRC platforms: some aimed at a specific field of research (SciPost, MetaROR) and others, such as Open Research Europe, are open to all scientific fields.

Options after the manuscript has been submitted to the publisher and/or accepted for publishing

Pay APC using funder budget

Pay the APC with funder budget. Only Full OA journals qualify. Check for journals with orange OA sign in the Leiden Journal Browser.

Follow the repository route using the Author Accepted Manuscript

Publish behind the paywall (closed) with the publisher and make the Author Accepted Manuscript open via upload to LUCRIS and the Leiden University repository Scholarly Publications. Check the journal policy for possibly embargo period and license options. The options are listed in the Leiden Journal Browser under “Green route”. When the embargo period exceeds 6 months, choose another route to adhere to the Leiden University Open Access Policy. When the embargo period exceeds 6 months (not compatible with the Leiden University Open Access Policy) or when the requirements of your research funder clash with the journal policy, choose another route.

Pay the APC using institute/department/research group budget

Ask your PI or manager whether budget to cover the APC is available you’re your institute, department or research group. Make sure to secure budget before submitting to the journal. There is no central university or library budget to cover APCs.

Follow the repository route using the Taverne option

Publish behind the paywall (closed) with the publisher and make the Version of Record of your article open by making use of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act (also called the “Taverne Amendment”) through uploading the final publishers version of your article (the Version of Record) to LUCRIS and the Leiden University repository Scholarly Publications, choosing the “Taverne” license and setting a 6 month embargo. When the requirements of your research funder clash with the embargo period, choose another route.

Notification service

If you would like to be informed about the yearly open access maximum of the agreements which have caps in place, please register for the notification service to receive updates on the agreements and their impending caps.

Questions?

For any questions about publishing in open access and alternative options, please check the information about open access on our website or contact the University Library’s open access team via openaccess@library.leidenuniv.nl.

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